First, select excellent varieties
Regardless of whether you choose "Red Seven Stars" or "Self-retained Seeds", you should use seeds that meet the seed quality standards and are cold-treated. The cold treatment temperature is 2-4 °C, and the time is over 45 days to break the dormancy, early maturity, high yield and high efficiency. .
Second, the rational rotation of
Garlic avoids continuous cropping, continuous cropping causes various diseases to increase year by year, soil nutrient ratio is wrong, thus affecting the yield and quality of garlic. It is recommended to rotate the crops in 2-3 years.
Third, timely sowing, rational close planting, to improve the quality of sowing
Garlic is planted in a timely manner, early in life, quick-release, garlic moss, early, and high efficiency. However, the early broadcast of the disease, the incidence of garlic leaf blight is high, and the plant is prone to premature aging. According to the results of many years of experiments, the suitable sowing date for our county is from August 25 to September 20. The seeding principle is: appropriate early sowing in the cool and cool areas, appropriate delay in the warm areas, early seeding of the self-retained species mainly producing garlic, and the appropriate delay of the production of garlic.
Reasonable close planting. Our county grows early-ripening garlic, mainly collecting garlic moss and garlic. The general cultivation density is 50,000-60,000 plants/mu, and the seeding amount per mu is 120 kg.
Seeding advocates on-demand. According to the test results, proper deep sowing can increase the rate of independent garlic, so the depth of cover soil after sowing should be 4-8cm. Post-rice garlic and relatively heavy soil cover soil should be shallower.
Fourth, timely irrigation, water to fertilizer, fertilizer to promote seedling
Timely irrigation: Garlic roots are shallow, not drought-tolerant, and not resistant to cockroaches. Water should be timely in accordance with soil moisture and plant growth.
Reasonable fertilization: Due to the long growing period of garlic, the amount of fertilizer needed is large. Generally, the quality of compost is 3000-4000 kg, especially for continuous cropping, and organic fertilizer should be added. For the application of inorganic fertilizer, the ratio of N, P and K is: 40-60 kg of urea, 30-50 kg of calcium phosphate and 15-30 kg of potassium sulfate. Manure and Pu-calcium were used as the base fertilizer at one time, urea and potassium sulfate were separated from the maternal period (4-6 leaves) and Peng Da period (9-10 leaves), and 60% of the fertilizer was used in the maternal period, and 40% in the Peng period. %.
Fifth, a comprehensive insect pest control
The main diseases of garlic include leaf blight, purple spot, rust, white rot, and sclerotinia. Prevention and control should be based on agricultural control, supplemented by chemical control. The key to chemical control is in the early stage of the disease (after the 5-leaf stage), with a focus on the peak incidence. The chemical control agent is 1500 times of 10% Shiga powder, or 1000 times of 25% Shibao emulsifiable concentrate, or 1000 times of 25% weiwei emulsifiable concentrate. 7-10 days of prevention and control, continuous prevention and control 3-4 times, the control effect is more than 90%.
The main pests are spotted fly and onion mustard, thrips, aphids and so on. It can be applied to the garlic 3-4 leaf stage by spraying 1.8% harmful emulsifiable concentrate 10-15 ml/mu, or 1.8% edofing emulsifiable concentrate, or pyrethroid pesticide control, which can effectively control the damage of the insect to garlic.
Grass damage can be treated 20-25 days after sowing, garlic seedlings 3-4 leaf stage, grass grass 2-3 leaf stage for one-time stem and leaf treatment, 40% per acre with 120% garlic grass or 20% green wheat Long 300 g / a water spray. The one-time weeding effect is more than 90%, which is safe and effective for garlic production.
Sixth, timely harvest
1, the harvest of garlic moss. Garlic can be harvested when the husk of garlic inflorescence leaf sheath extending 13-16cm, the election sunny or overcast afternoon harvest
2, close the garlic. Garlic generally requires "nine yellow ten harvest", too early, the garlic is tender, the water is heavy, the garlic skin wrinkles after drying, too late, the garlic skin is easy to crack, the commodity is poor, the product quality is reduced. Alone garlic and garlic should be harvested in batches. After 20-30 days of harvesting, the leaves can be harvested when the leaves are yellow. When harvesting, remove the mud, cut the roots, and cut the handle to avoid mechanical damage.
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