There are several obvious ways to damage the surface of plastic products , including scratches of sharp objects; wear caused by abrasive friction; surface damage that changes surface properties or gloss; or "writing effect" caused by slight scratching of passivated objects. The desire to form these phenomena is that the material yields under the action of the pressing force and the sliding force or the lateral (side) direction force, causing ductile/brittle damage to cause scratches. In scratches, uneven surfaces create uneven light scattering and "scratch". The solution to improve the scratch performance is to minimize the roughness of the underside of the polymer and reduce the scratched shoulders, resulting in as little light scattering as possible and as little scratch visibility as possible, thus achieving a higher wear resistance. performance.
Some plastics themselves have good wear resistance, and after adding various anti-wear additives, they can further improve their wear resistance. Plastic additives made of additives such as polytetrafluoroethylene, molybdenum disulfide, graphite, silicin oil, glass fiber, carbon fiber and aramid fiber have self-lubricating properties and can reduce the pressure of the mating parts. Improve the wear resistance of the material. Let's take a look at the materials that can improve the wear resistance of the material.
1, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, Teflon)
PTFE is the lowest friction coefficient of any additive. The PTFE molecules that are ground during the rubbing process form a lubricious film on the surface of the part. PTFE has good lubricity and wear resistance under friction and shear. PTFE is the best wear-resistant additive in high load applications. These high load applications include hydraulic piston ring seals and thrust washers. The most suitable PTFE content is 15% PTFE for amorphous and 20% PTFE for crystalline plastic.
2, molyde disulfide
Another common name for molybdenum disulfide is "Moly", which is mainly used as an anti-wear additive for nylon plastics. Molybdenum disulfide acts as a crystallization agent to increase the crystallinity of the nylon to give the nylon material a harder and more abrasive surface. Molybdenum disulfide has a high affinity for metals. Once adsorbed on the metal surface, the molybdenum disulfide molecules fill the pores of the metal surface visible to the microscope and make the metal surface smoother. This makes molybdenum disulfide an ideal wear-resistant additive for applications where nylon and metal rub against each other.
3, graphite
The chemical structure of graphite is a unique lattice structure. This unique chemical structure allows graphite molecules to slide easily across each other with little friction. This wear resistance is especially important in watery environments. This property makes graphite an ideal wear-resistant additive for many applications in water applications such as water jacketing, vanes and closures.
4, polysiloxane
A silicone fluid is a wear-resistant additive that migrates. When added to a thermoplastic, the additive slowly migrates to the surface of the part and forms a continuous film. Polysiloxanes have a wide range of viscosities and viscosities are measured in centistokes. The viscosity of the polysiloxane is too low, and it becomes fluid-like and rapidly migrates to the surface of the part to provide wear resistance. If the viscosity of the polysiloxane is too low, it is more volatile and will quickly disappear from the part.
5, glass fiber
Glass fiber is a hard and highly scratch-resistant fiber, and it is often mistaken to believe that the addition of glass fiber to plastic destroys the wear resistance of the plastic. Glass fiber provides a strong mechanical bond between the polymers, so glass fiber can increase the integrity of the thermoplastic structure and improve wear resistance. The reinforcement provided by the glass fiber can increase the anti-potential, thermal conductivity and thermal deformation of the plastic, thereby significantly improving the load resistance and abrasion resistance of the plastic.
6, carbon fiber
In the case of glass fiber, carbon fiber can greatly improve the structural integrity, wear resistance and resistance to load and abrasion speed. Unlike glass fiber, carbon fiber is a softer and less scratch-resistant fiber. Carbon fiber does not scratch the frictional surface of the iron or steel with which it rubs. Adding more than 10% of the carbon fiber to the thermoplastic has the function of eliminating static electricity, and thus can overcome the static problem caused by the problem.
7. Aramid fiber
Aramid fibers are also one of the wear resistant additives. Unlike fiberglass and carbon fiber, it is the softest and most scratch-free fiber. This property is a major advantage of aramid fibers in wear resistant applications, particularly in the case of mating parts that are scratch resistant to the fibers.
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