"Changshu fire killed 22 people!" How to deal with burns scientifically after a fire?

According to Xinhua News Agency reported that at 4:29 on the 16th, the public security department received a public warning Changshu, Jiangsu Changshu Yushan Caojing Zone 2 74 fire, 119 command center immediately deployed 14 fire engines, 71 fire officers and soldiers rushed to the scene disposal, 5:28 the fire was extinguished. Killed 22 people, three people were injured. After investigating and collecting evidence by the public security department, this is an arson case. The suspect Jiang Moumou has been captured.

According to relevant data, there are 29 people living in this house . Why did 25 people die or die in less than an hour ? What are the causes of such serious casualties?

How to escape the fire scene?

According to the situation on the scene, the main cause of death after a fire is suffocation and burns. How to escape from the scene is the main means for us to reduce the number of casualties. Then, how does the fire scene escape?

1 , to determine the cause of the fire: If the fire caused by electrical fire, you must first turn off the power, otherwise all escape methods can not be implemented.

2. Find the escape passage: Since the fire occurred in the early hours of the morning, it was the time when people were asleep. When people were awakened, first of all, do not panic and calmly find ways to escape. Choose from the door or the window to escape according to the fire. The correct escape route is An effective way to avoid fire damage.

3 , to avoid smoke smothering: the smoke produced in the fire contains a variety of toxic and harmful gases, these gases will cause the body to suffocate and die, in the fire most people are suffocating and death, therefore, smoke is a fire death Number one killer. Therefore, when siege by smoke, use a wet towel or wet clothing to cover the nostrils to reduce the harm caused by tobacco smoke. In the house, there should be drinking water or drinks. Pour them on a towel and you can help yourself.

4 , to reduce the degree of burns : skin burns are another important cause of fire death. Whether it is the high temperature of a fire or the burn of the skin when passing through a fire, it is an inevitable injury in a fire. How to reduce this kind of harm?

The first is to avoid the clothes and hair being burned. Under the premise of confirming that the power supply has been turned off, it is conditional to wet the clothes and hair with water so that it can withstand high temperature damage to a certain extent. If you can put a large area of ​​objects such as blankets on your body, the effect will be better.

Second, if the clothes you wear are on fire, do not panic. You should take off your clothes or tear them off. If you don't have time to take them off, you can lie on the ground and roll and use the power of your body to extinguish the flames. There is a source of water that can be extinguished with water.

What should I do after a burn?

1. What is a burn?

Burns are caused by the action of flames, steam, hot liquids (water, soup, oil, etc.), high-temperature gases, hot metal liquids or solids (such as molten steel, steel ingots), electric currents, radiation, or strong acids, alkalis, and other chemical substances on the human body. The tissue damage, burn not only refers to the skin damage, can involve the mucous membrane, subcutaneous, submucosal tissue, muscles, bones, joints and internal organs.

2. Why can't burn boiled water?

We will experience this in our lives. If our hands are accidentally cut by a knife, our hands will have an instinctively retracted, which is the body's self-protection mechanism to avoid more serious injuries.

After burns, a large amount of exudate will appear on the skin's wound surface. This exudate is also a kind of defensive reaction of the human body and dilutes harmful substances in the wound to achieve the purpose of protecting the wound surface. But things have two sides. These exudates are blood plasma from the blood vessels. In addition to a lot of water, there are a lot of proteins.

If the burn area is small, such exudation will not cause serious harm to the human body. If it is a large area of ​​burns, such a large area of ​​exudation will lead to a large loss of body water, a large number of protein loss, resulting in a shock to the wounded.

Therefore, patients with extensive burns should be given liquid therapy. As long as there is no burn in the digestive tract, patients should be encouraged to drink water and supplement fluids. However, this fluid should be saline instead of boiled water because saline contains Electrolytes, on the one hand, can supplement electrolytes, on the other hand can temporarily replace the protein, maintain the osmotic pressure of human blood vessels, and play a role in correcting shock.

3 , how to deal with burns?

A wounded person with a large area of ​​burns can cause significant systemic reactions and should be dealt with promptly:

( 1 ) Rescue Shock: Shock can be caused by fluid loss and pain after burns. Therefore, shock, pain, fluids, and protein must be rescued first.

( 2 ) Treatment of wounds: Exposure of large areas of wounds can easily cause bacterial infections. Therefore, proper wound treatment can prevent and control wound infections. After the shock of the patient is corrected, the wound can be treated. The dressing or exposure therapy can be selected according to the condition of the patient. The treatment of the eschar is also a problem faced by the doctor. The eschar has the function of protecting the wound and also can infect the wound. The role, therefore, seize the opportunity to take full advantage of the protective effect of anxiety, reduce the risk of eschar may bring infection, which is a problem grasped by burn specialists. Through staged cutting and skin grafting, the purpose of covering the wound surface was achieved.

( 3 ) Anti-infection: Infections in burn patients are often serious infections. Therefore, the early application of antibiotics in large doses is an important measure to prevent sepsis and sepsis.

( 4 ) Prevention of scar contracture: scars under the dermis can form scars, but in the parts of the body such as the neck, hands and feet, these scars will affect the body's function, prevent infection, strengthen functional exercise, and can reduce scar contracture. form.

4 , how to pay attention to burn patients diet?

Burn patients are characterized by more protein loss, inability to move or inconvenient activities. Based on these characteristics of burn patients, we can formulate different diet programs:

( 1 ) Increase nutrition: Eat more meat, fish, eggs and beans to increase protein intake.

( 2 ) Advantageous excretion: Most patients with large-scale burns are bedridden. Excretion of stool is more difficult. Therefore, eat more vegetables and fruits and eat less spicy and spicy food in the diet.

( 3 ) Patients with digestive tract burns may be given a liquid diet.

5. What are the misunderstandings of burns?

Myth #1: The burn just hurts the skin, it does not hurt the vital organs and it is not dangerous.

Patients with extensive burns may suffer from complications such as shock, infection, and organ dysfunction, resulting in higher mortality.

Myth #2: Large area burns are incurable.

Although the treatment of large-area burns is difficult, it is not an incurable disease. There have been 100 % cases of burns in our country , and cases of burns with organ failure have been successfully rescued.

Myth 3: Burn patients cannot touch cold water.

Immediately after burns should be washed with tap water, soaked for more than half an hour or transferred to the hospital, while doing cold compress, not only can reduce burning pain, but also can quickly eliminate the cause of injury, of course, patients with large skin damage is not suitable Washed with water. Therefore, after the burn, as long as there is no wound, it can be exposed to cold water.

Misunderstanding 4: The bigger the blisters, the more severe the burns.

In fact, the larger the blisters are, the redder and more painful the wounds are, and the more shallow the burns are. The patients with third degree burns have neither blisters nor pain.

Misunderstanding 5: Ancestral secret recipes do not leave burns to treat burns.

The key to whether or not to keep burns after burns is the depth of burns. If the superficial second degree burns are properly treated, they will not remain spasm. However, the patients with third degree burns will remain sparse except for the surgical skin grafts. Do not leave the drug.

Myth 6: After burns, eating soy sauce will make the skin black.

Whether the skin is black or not is related to many factors and is not related to soy sauce.

From this point of view, after a fire has occurred, it is the key to reducing the impact of burns on health by mastering correct methods of escape and timely treating wounds.

The information in this article comes from the Internet and was reorganized and edited by China Rescue Equipment Network.