Membrane structure is a newly developed form of building structure. It is made of fabric with excellent performance, or is inflated into the membrane, supported by air pressure, or stretched with flexible steel cable or rigid support structure. Tight, thereby forming a structural system with a certain rigidity and capable of covering a large span space. Since the 1970s, membrane structures have been gradually used in large-span buildings such as sports buildings, shopping malls, exhibition centers, and transportation service facilities. Membrane structure has become a major solution in structural design selection. It has become an important field in the application of chemical fiber textiles. In recent years, there has also been considerable progress in China's building structure. The US Pavilion at the Osaka International Exposition uses an air-bearing air film structure.
This quasi-elliptical, 140m × 83.5m exhibition hall is the world's first large-span membrane structure, and is the first glass fiber fabric coated with polyvinyl chloride (PVC). As a true modern engineering structure, the exhibition hall of the Osaka World Expo marks the beginning of the era of membrane structure. Since then, membrane structures have developed rapidly around the world.
From the span, the Pontiac's "silver dome" air-bearing air film structure has a plane of 234.9m × 183m, and began to use PTFE coated glass fiber fabric, similar to the large stadium. Nine buildings were built in North America. In terms of area, the suspended membrane structure of the terminal hall of the Jeddah Airport in Saudi Arabia covers an area of ​​420,000 m2. As a new form of membrane structure, Suo Duding was first used in the gymnasium and fencing hall of the Seoul Olympics in 1988, and later promoted in some sports buildings. With its unique membrane structure, the Millennium Dome shows the level of development in today's building technology and materials science.
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