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In collaboration with Davinci, headquartered in Yamatotakada City, Nara Prefecture, the Japan Institute of Physical Chemistry has successfully designed Fresnel lenses to recover solar thermal energy from sunrise to sunset. The water stored in the hot tank is warmed, and a "cogeneration system" for generating electricity and hot water is provided.
The working principle of this system is to use the heat energy of sunlight to heat the water and accumulate heat through a heat exchanger, and then release its heat to generate electricity and hot water when needed. By combining a Fresnel lens engraved with concentric circular grooves into a cube shape, from sunrise to sunset, energy can be efficiently recovered regardless of the angle of incidence of sunlight. The Fresnel lens has a thin but highly efficient condenser. The Fresnel lens used this time is based on the telescope head currently under development for observing super high-energy cosmic rays. Its high transparency and surface roughness of 20 nanometers are high-precision products. Configured on the top and side of the cube (this structure is called "Fresnel Sun House").
Inside the cube, an inverted T-shaped heat exchanger made of aluminum alloy for receiving the light collected by the Fresnel lens is disposed. The heat energy can be efficiently extracted regardless of whether the sunlight is irradiated from the side or from above. Underneath the heat exchanger is a thermal storage tank filled with water. The warm water generated here will be supplied to the “rotary heat engine†developed by Da Vinci to generate electricity. Rotary heat engines drive the engine by converting the Freon replacement as a heat medium into a gas. This engine uses the change in cylinder volume to generate rotational energy. Therefore, the thermal efficiency is excellent even at a low pressure generated by a low-temperature heat source. Specifically, it can be driven even at a temperature of about 40°C.
The advantage of the cogeneration system developed this time is that it does not require high-priced solar tracking devices and driving devices to make use of highly variable solar energy sources, and that it can stably conserve energy through water storage, and can be extracted and used whenever necessary. . In the future, Riken plans to use it as a medium-sized and small-scale decentralized power supply that uses idle land in cooperation with local governments. The company plans to introduce a trial production machine with an output of 1 kW in 2013 and a 10-kilowatt demonstration system in 2014.
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