The primary occupational hazard in paint operations is the inhalation of organic solvent vapors. Paints typically consist of film-forming substances (such as resins), solvents, pigments, drying agents, and various additives. Conventional paints often use gasoline as a solvent, while epoxy iron red primers may contain small amounts of xylene. Impregnating paints mainly contain toluene and a small amount of benzene. Spray paints (like nitrocellulose lacquers) and thinners (such as banana water) usually contain large quantities of benzene, toluene, and xylene. These harmful substances are linked to serious health conditions, including aplastic anemia, leukemia, tuberculosis, and pleurisy. Many painters with over 10 years of experience report symptoms like coughing, fatigue, headaches, chest tightness, and limb weakness. To reduce risks, it's important to choose eco-friendly paints and avoid those that are toxic. Water-based paints, which are diluted with water and do not contain harmful solvents, are a safer alternative. Although many healthy and environmentally friendly options exist, they are not widely adopted yet. Workers should also wear masks and gloves during painting to prevent direct skin contact. Ensuring good ventilation by opening windows is essential. Additionally, maintaining a diet rich in vitamins and staying well-hydrated can help support overall health and reduce the impact of exposure.
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