[China Aluminum Network] The production of aluminum door and window profiles, through ingot preparation, extrusion molding, heat treatment and surface treatment four processes.
(a) Ingot preparation
The process includes the main processes of batching, smelting, casting, soaking, etc., to form ingots with certain chemical compositions and dimensions. The prepared raw materials are smelted in a gas furnace or an electric furnace. After smelting, the melt passes through a static furnace, a flow tank, a flow disk, and a filter until it is in a crystallizer, and is then cooled by water to form an ingot of a certain shape. In order to ensure that the surface of the ingot is smooth, multi-mode (multi-molecule) casting is performed by magnetic or hot-top casting. Ingot soaking is to homogenize the microstructure of the as-cast state and dissolve the main strengthening phase. Soaking is performed in a soaking furnace. The soaking improves the plasticity of the ingot, which is advantageous to increase the extrusion speed, prolong the life of the extrusion die, and improve the surface quality of the extruded profile.
(b) Extrusion
Extrusion molding is performed on an automatic production line consisting of heating, extrusion, cooling, tension straightening, and sawing. The equipment on the production line includes induction furnaces, extruders, outlet tables, discharge conveyors, profile lifting and transfer devices, cooling beds, tension levelers, storage tables, tractors, and sawing machines. Ingot heating temperature is generally controlled at 400 °C ~ 520 °C, the temperature is too high or too low will directly affect the extrusion molding. Extruders generally use a single-acting hydraulic press with a tonnage of between 1,200 tons and 2,500 tons. The size of the extrusion cylinder diameter of the extruder varies with the size of the tonnage of the extruder, the tonnage of the extruder is large, and the diameter of the extrusion cylinder is also large. The barrel diameter is generally in the range of 150mm~300mm. The working temperature of the extrusion tool is 360°C~460°C, and the extrusion speed is 20 m/min~80m/min. The extrusion tool mainly includes a mold. The extrusion die is divided into a flat die, a split die, a tongue die, and a split die according to the structural features. Production of aluminum alloy door and window profiles with multiple flat molds and shunts. The discharge station receives the extruded profile from the extruder and transitions the profile to the discharge station. The discharge table is mostly a bar conveyor type, and the bar speed is synchronized with the extrusion speed. The cooling bed is mostly a walking beam type, and a considerable number of fans are installed below to ensure uniform cooling of the profiles, so that the profile temperature is lower than 70 °C before straightening. The tension leveler has a twisted jaw that can be stretched and straightened while being twist corrected. After the tension leveler is a storage table, a profile is provided to the table of the sawing machine, and the sawing machine cuts the profile according to the length.
(III) Heat Treatment
The aluminum-magnesium-silicon aluminum alloy used for aluminum door and window profiles is an aluminum alloy that can be strengthened. Through different quenching and aging regimes, the profiles are given the necessary mechanical properties. The aluminum door and window profile is the RCS supply state, that is, the heat treatment is rapid cooling after the high temperature forming and artificial aging.
(four) surface treatment
The surface treatment of aluminum door and window profiles is mostly anodized so that the profile surface is silver white. The surface treatment can enhance the aesthetic appearance of the profile and prolong the service life of the aluminum door profile. Anodizing process flow: charging→degreasing→water washing→alkali etching→warm water washing→cold water washing→neutralizing light extraction→washing→anodizing→cold washing→warm washing→sealing→drying→unloading→finished product inspection→packing The thickness of the oxide film after the anodized aluminum window profile is not less than 10μm. The surface treatment of aluminum window profiles can also be colored. Aluminum profiles requiring other colors can be obtained by natural oxidation coloring, electrolytic coloring, and dip coloring.
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