Chinese cabbage is one of the important vegetables in winter, and it is widely planted in all parts of China. Although the cultivation of Chinese cabbage is more extensive, some vegetable farmers have many misunderstandings in the management process, which affects the yield and benefit of Chinese cabbage. Four misunderstandings of Chinese cabbage cultivation management:
Misunderstanding of Chinese cabbage cultivation management: greedy or too thin when planting
When some vegetable farmers planted Chinese cabbage, in order to increase the yield, excessive dense planting, and even some vegetable farmers regardless of the variety, they were planted at 2000 plants per mu, which did not achieve high yield. Reasonable close planting is an important measure for high yield and high quality of Chinese cabbage. The variety of varieties varies greatly. Generally, the row spacing of flower varieties is 40 cm × 50 cm, and about 3300 plants per acre are planted; the row spacing of straight and small oval and flat head varieties is 45 cm × 55 cm, and about 2700 plants per acre are planted; The row spacing of the oval and flat head varieties is 60 cm × 70 cm, about 1,800 per acre.
Misunderstanding of Chinese cabbage cultivation management: heavy base fertilizer, light top dressing
Cabbage leaves are products, which are sensitive to the requirements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. In production, vegetable farmers must not only apply base fertilizer, but also top dressing according to different growth stages of Chinese cabbage. Before planting, generally 4000 to 5000 kilograms of fermented organic fertilizer per mu is used as the base fertilizer, which can be applied or ditched. Most of the topdressing fertilizers in the growth period are mainly available nitrogen fertilizers, such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium bicarbonate and urea. The topdressing period should be mastered. Generally, it is applied in four stages in the seedling stage, the rose stage, the beginning of the ball and the middle stage of the ball. In the seedling stage, 5 to 10 kilograms of ammonium sulfate is applied per acre, and 1000 to 1250 kilograms of fermented farmyard manure, 15 kilograms of ammonium bicarbonate or 10 kilograms of ammonium sulfate per acre, and 25 kilograms of ammonium bicarbonate per acre. 15 to 20 kg of ammonium sulfate, 1000 to 1250 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per acre, 10 to 15 kg of ammonium carbonate, or 1 to 2 times with foliar fertilizer such as 1% urea.
Misunderstanding of Chinese cabbage cultivation management: serious treatment of diseases, mild treatment of insects
Some vegetable farmers pay great attention to the prevention and control of the three major diseases of Chinese cabbage, but often ignore the prevention and control of pests. In fact, many diseases spread and are inextricably linked to pests. Aphids are the chief culprit in the spread of viral diseases, which can cause cabbage to shrink and die. Soft rot fungi are mainly transmitted by insects, rainwater and irrigation water, infecting cabbage from wounds. Pests cause damage after the damage, which is conducive to the invasion of bacteria. Prevention and control of cabbage caterpillars, yellow bells and armor and underground pests, reducing pest wounds, can effectively reduce the occurrence of soft rot of Chinese cabbage. Therefore, pest control is also an important measure to prevent and cure diseases, and it is an important part of the harvest of autumn cabbage.
Misunderstanding of Chinese cabbage cultivation management: cabbage is bundled too early
Bundle of cabbage can prevent cabbage from suffering frost, promote strong heart and facilitate harvest. However, the binding cannot be premature, because the binding is too early, the photosynthetic efficiency of the outer leaves is greatly reduced, hindering the normal growth of Chinese cabbage, and is not conducive to the filling of the leaf ball. Generally, 10 to 15 days before harvest, stop watering, raise the rosette leaves, wrap the leaf ball, and then use the sweet potato or the grass to bind the leaves 3 to 5 cm from the top of the ball to make the core more firm and Continue to grow.
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