The traditional flue gas denitration method consumes a large amount of energy, has safety problems and causes secondary pollution. Through the cultivation of energy microalgae, it can not only remove NOx from industrial flue gas, reduce environmental pollution, but also provide raw materials for biofuels to produce high value-added products. The research team of the Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wang Qiang, has cooperated with the Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Technology since 2011 to carry out research on the application of energy microalgae to industrial flue gas biological denitrification, and has achieved a series of results.
Improved combined production process of microalgae biological denitration, high value-added product production and biodiesel preparation Nitrogen oxides (NOx) are important environmental pollutants contained in fossil fuel combustion flue gas, mainly in the form of NO. The traditional flue gas denitration method consumes a large amount of energy, has safety problems and causes secondary pollution. The content of nitrogen in the microalgae biomass is as high as 7-12% of the dry weight of the cells, and the large-scale culture can utilize the high concentration of nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the industrial flue gas. Through the cultivation of energy microalgae, not only can NOx in industrial flue gas be removed, environmental pollution can be reduced, but also biofuel raw materials can be provided to produce high value-added products (Zhang et al. 2014a; Chen et al. 2015; Zhu et. Al.2016). The research team of the Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wang Qiang, has cooperated with the Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Technology since 2011 to carry out research on the application of energy microalgae to industrial flue gas biological denitrification, and has achieved a series of results.
Firstly, based on the need of high-concentration nitrite tolerance and adaptability of algae in industrial flue gas biological denitrification, the screening of NOx high tolerance algae species was carried out. The study found that the tolerance of different microalgae species to high-concentration NOx has interspecific specificity, while most species of Chlorella species have good tolerance to high concentrations of nitrite. Further physiological mechanisms have found that Adaptability is achieved through three steps: coercion, adaptation, and utilization (Li et al. 2016).
Subsequently, the biodenitrogenation ability of chlorella in industrial NOx environment was verified by using the self-invented high-efficiency photobioreactor (Chinese invention patent, authorization number 201410063589.X) to obtain high biomass and cell fat content. At the same time, reaching 60% flue gas denitration rate proves the potential application value of microalgae in the field of industrial flue gas biological denitrification (Zhang et al. 2014b). A joint production process Ver1.0 (Chinese invention patent, authorization number 201410063243.X) for microalgae biological denitrification, high value-added product production and biodiesel production was proposed.
Aiming at the mismatch between the relative low efficiency of microalgae photoautotrophic growth and the high demand for industrial flue gas emission reduction, the research on photosynthetic and nutrient culture method for flue gas biological denitrification was further carried out, and the cultivation process was gradually optimized. The maximum biomass yield was 9.87gL−1d−1, and the denitration rate was over 96%, and the oil yield of 1.83g L−1d−1 was obtained. Studies have shown that the simultaneous absorption of organic carbon and inorganic carbon in the concurrent culture process is beneficial to significantly reduce the consumption cost of organic carbon raw materials, and at the end of the simultaneous cultivation of microalgae biological denitration, only a small amount of nutrients in the culture liquid is special. It is an organic carbon and carbon residue that achieves a green production process that avoids secondary pollution. This study demonstrates the feasibility of applying energy microalgae to industrial flue gas biological denitrification and energy production, and provides an industrialization strategy for flue gas reduction under limited land conditions (Chen et al. 2016). On this basis, the combined production process of microalgae biological denitration, high value-added product production and biodiesel production was further improved, and an optimized production process Ver2.0 was proposed.
The above two studies published in Enviro nmental science & technology (Zhang et al. 2014b; Chen et al. 2016) have been used as key scientific articles by the Renewable Energy global innovations website. Follow-up reports were made. It is believed that the research results "first proved the true feasibility and practicability of microalgae for the production of high-value products while reducing industrial pollutants."
Based on the above research results, the researchers were invited by Applied Energy and Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology to write a review paper (Chen et al. 2015; Zhu et al. 2016).
The above research was funded by the “973†Program, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Fund Key Project, the Frontier Project of the Youth Talents Field of the Knowledge Innovation Project of the Institute of Fisheries and the Sino-Petrochemical Enterprise Horizontal Project.
Improved combined production process of microalgae biological denitration, high value-added product production and biodiesel preparation
Firstly, based on the need of high-concentration nitrite tolerance and adaptability of algae in industrial flue gas biological denitrification, the screening of NOx high tolerance algae species was carried out. The study found that the tolerance of different microalgae species to high-concentration NOx has interspecific specificity, while most species of Chlorella species have good tolerance to high concentrations of nitrite. Further physiological mechanisms have found that Adaptability is achieved through three steps: coercion, adaptation, and utilization (Li et al. 2016).
Subsequently, the biodenitrogenation ability of chlorella in industrial NOx environment was verified by using the self-invented high-efficiency photobioreactor (Chinese invention patent, authorization number 201410063589.X) to obtain high biomass and cell fat content. At the same time, reaching 60% flue gas denitration rate proves the potential application value of microalgae in the field of industrial flue gas biological denitrification (Zhang et al. 2014b). A joint production process Ver1.0 (Chinese invention patent, authorization number 201410063243.X) for microalgae biological denitrification, high value-added product production and biodiesel production was proposed.
Aiming at the mismatch between the relative low efficiency of microalgae photoautotrophic growth and the high demand for industrial flue gas emission reduction, the research on photosynthetic and nutrient culture method for flue gas biological denitrification was further carried out, and the cultivation process was gradually optimized. The maximum biomass yield was 9.87gL−1d−1, and the denitration rate was over 96%, and the oil yield of 1.83g L−1d−1 was obtained. Studies have shown that the simultaneous absorption of organic carbon and inorganic carbon in the concurrent culture process is beneficial to significantly reduce the consumption cost of organic carbon raw materials, and at the end of the simultaneous cultivation of microalgae biological denitration, only a small amount of nutrients in the culture liquid is special. It is an organic carbon and carbon residue that achieves a green production process that avoids secondary pollution. This study demonstrates the feasibility of applying energy microalgae to industrial flue gas biological denitrification and energy production, and provides an industrialization strategy for flue gas reduction under limited land conditions (Chen et al. 2016). On this basis, the combined production process of microalgae biological denitration, high value-added product production and biodiesel production was further improved, and an optimized production process Ver2.0 was proposed.
The above two studies published in Enviro nmental science & technology (Zhang et al. 2014b; Chen et al. 2016) have been used as key scientific articles by the Renewable Energy global innovations website. Follow-up reports were made. It is believed that the research results "first proved the true feasibility and practicability of microalgae for the production of high-value products while reducing industrial pollutants."
Based on the above research results, the researchers were invited by Applied Energy and Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology to write a review paper (Chen et al. 2015; Zhu et al. 2016).
The above research was funded by the “973†Program, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Fund Key Project, the Frontier Project of the Youth Talents Field of the Knowledge Innovation Project of the Institute of Fisheries and the Sino-Petrochemical Enterprise Horizontal Project.
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