The earliest excavators were manually operated and have been around for over 130 years since their invention. Over time, they evolved from steam-powered bucket rotary machines to electric and internal combustion engine-driven models. This gradual shift laid the foundation for the development of hydraulic excavators. The first hydraulic excavator was introduced by a French company called Poclain. With the integration of hydraulic technology, excavators saw significant advancements in the 1940s, including the introduction of suspended excavators equipped with hydraulic backhoes mounted on tractors. In 1951, Poclain launched the world's first fully hydraulic backhoe excavator, marking a major breakthrough in the industry.
By the early to mid-1950s, both trailer-mounted full-turn hydraulic excavators and crawler-type fully hydraulic excavators began to emerge. Early prototypes used hydraulic systems inspired by aircraft and machine tools, but these lacked the specialized components needed for the demanding conditions of excavation work. Manufacturing quality was inconsistent, and supporting parts were often incomplete. However, starting in the 1960s, hydraulic excavators entered a period of rapid growth and widespread adoption. More manufacturers across different countries began producing a wider range of models, and production volumes increased dramatically. Between 1968 and 1970, hydraulic excavators accounted for nearly 83% of total excavator production, showing how quickly this technology became dominant in the industry.
Low porosity clay bricks are made of ruby, mullite and combined clay as the main raw materials, molded under high pressure and sintered at high temperature. The product has excellent high temperature Physical properties and chemical corrosion resistance. Low porosity clay bricks have good stability, the degree of erosion does not occur sudden change, than ordinary clay bricks use cycle increased 2-3 times. Thermal conductivity, specific heat and solubility, respectively, than ordinary clay bricks 2 times higher than 10% and 40%, heat storage capacity than ordinary clay bricks higher than 50% -60%, can improve the thermal efficiency of the kiln.
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