The installation method and technical requirements of a horizontal screw centrifuge (referred to as the centrifuge) involve several key aspects such as the installation environment, foundation setup, pipeline connections, and electrical wiring. These elements are crucial to ensure safe, efficient, and long-lasting operation of the equipment.
1. **Installation Environment**:
- There must be sufficient space around the centrifuge to allow for maintenance, pipe connections, lifting operations, and easy access during operation.
- The distance between the centrifuge inlet and the wall should be at least 1500 mm to facilitate feed pipe replacement. Similarly, the space between one end of the differential and the wall should be no less than 1000 mm for disassembly and handling.
- The base height of the centrifuge is typically between 800 and 1500 mm, depending on the model and application.
- The spacing between centrifuges should be adjusted based on the drum size: for drums ≤650 mm, a minimum of 1000–1500 mm is required; for larger drums, follow the manufacturer’s guidelines for adequate maintenance clearance.
- Lifting personnel must be trained and possess the necessary documentation.
- Lifting tools must meet safety standards in terms of load capacity, lifting height, and movement range.
2. **Installation Base**:
- When the centrifuge operates between 200–1500 rpm, the vertical dynamic load caused by vibration is 1.2 times the static load. The foundation must evenly support this load across all support points.
- If mounted on a steel frame, the frame must be rigid enough to withstand vibrations from startup to full speed. Longitudinal and horizontal deformations should not exceed 1 mm.
- The maximum allowable amplitude for the damping system in the vertical direction depends on the drum diameter: 4 mm/s for ≤400 mm and 6 mm/s for >400 mm.
- Vibration from other machinery in the same area must not interfere with the centrifuge’s operation.
3. **Pipeline Connections**:
- All piping must be installed horizontally or vertically, ensuring safety and efficiency.
- Pipes and electrical lines connected to the centrifuge should use flexible hoses.
- Pipe joints and materials must be selected based on process conditions, including corrosion resistance, temperature, and safety requirements.
- External pipes and feed lines must use high-pressure hose joints that can handle ±5 mm of movement due to centrifuge vibration.
- Discharge pipes for solid and liquid phases should be short, easy to disassemble, and replaceable.
- The maximum length of solid phase discharge pipe connections is 600 mm with a weight limit of 30 kg, while feed tube connections should not exceed 200 mm and 5 kg.
- No bends should exist between the slag discharge port and the shaftless screw conveyor inlet, and the discharge port size must not be reduced without authorization.
- A 120-degree elbow is recommended for the drain pipe.
- Liquid discharge pipes must avoid clogging. Their inner diameter should be at least 150 mm, with minimal elbows and proper slope for smooth flow.
- Pipeline brackets must not be fixed directly to the centrifuge.
- Sampling ports should be installed at both solid and liquid discharge outlets for regular monitoring.
- In multi-centrifuge setups, each unit should have its own feed line, pump, dosing system, and control.
4. **Electrical Connections**:
- Electrical wiring must comply with local regulations and standards.
- Control cabinets and inverters should not be placed in the same room as the centrifuge. If a separate control room is not available, they should be isolated in a small, enclosed space to prevent damage from corrosive gases like hydrogen sulfide.
- Power cables must be laid according to specified sizes, with proper grounding and zero-connection protection.
- Signal cables must be shielded and installed separately from power lines.
- All wiring ends should be clearly labeled for future maintenance.
- Cables connected to the centrifuge must not be stretched tightly, as vibration can cause stress and damage.
- Safety features include overload protection, emergency stop, and alarms for excessive vibration, oil temperature, bearing temperature, and speed deviations.
- In case of an alarm, the centrifuge must not restart until the issue is resolved.
- The feed pump should only be activated once the centrifuge has reached full speed.
- An automatic reverse drive system should be included, with two switches: one to stop the feed pump and another to shut down all connected equipment.
Keywords: decanter centrifuge
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