The installation method and technical requirements for a horizontal screw centrifuge (hereinafter referred to as the centrifuge) involve several key aspects, including the installation environment, foundation setup, piping connections, and electrical wiring. These guidelines are essential to ensure safe and efficient operation of the equipment.
1. **Installation Environment**
- There should be ample space around the centrifuge to allow for maintenance, pipe connections, lifting operations, and proper operating height.
- The distance between the inlet of the centrifuge and the wall must be at least 1500 mm to facilitate feed pipe replacement. Similarly, the distance from one end of the differential to the wall should be no less than 1000 mm for easier disassembly and handling.
- The base height of the centrifuge is typically between 800 and 1500 mm.
- When placing multiple centrifuges, maintain a minimum spacing of 1000–1500 mm between units with drum diameters less than or equal to 650 mm. For larger drums, follow the manufacturer’s instructions for sufficient maintenance access.
- Lifting personnel must have the appropriate experience and documentation.
- Ensure that lifting tools meet safety standards in terms of load capacity, lifting height, and movement distance.
2. **Installation Base**
- When the centrifuge operates between 200 and 1500 rpm, the vertical dynamic load due to vibration is 1.2 times the static load. Each support point must evenly distribute this load unless otherwise specified.
- If mounted on a steel frame, the structure must be rigid enough to withstand vibrations during startup and full-speed operation. The longitudinal and horizontal deformation of the frame should not exceed 1 mm.
- The maximum allowable amplitude of the damping mechanism is 4 mm/s for drums ≤ 400 mm in diameter and 6 mm/s for larger drums.
- Other machinery in the same area should not cause vibrations that could affect the centrifuge’s performance.
3. **Piping Connections**
- All pipes, including electrical lines, must be installed horizontally, vertically, safely, and logically.
- Pipes connected to the centrifuge and auxiliary components should use flexible hoses.
- Joint and material selection must consider process conditions such as corrosion resistance, temperature, and safety.
- External piping and feed connections must use high-pressure hose joints capable of withstanding ±5 mm bending due to centrifuge vibration.
- Solid and liquid discharge pipes should be short, easy to dismantle, and replaceable.
- The maximum length of solid-phase and liquid-phase discharge pipes connected via hose flanges is 600 mm, with a weight limit of 30 kg. Feed tube connections should not exceed 200 mm and 5 kg in weight.
- Avoid any bends between the slag discharge port and the shaftless screw conveyor inlet. Do not reduce the size of the discharge port without authorization.
- A 120-degree elbow is recommended for the centrifuge drain.
- Liquid discharge pipes must prevent clogging by ensuring an inner diameter of at least 150 mm, minimizing elbows, and maintaining a slight slope.
- Piping should not be smaller than the centrifuge’s drain port.
- Pipe fixing brackets must not be attached directly to the centrifuge.
- Install sampling ports at the outlets of solid and liquid discharge pipes for regular sampling.
- In workshops with multiple centrifuges, each unit should have its own feed pipe, feed pump, dosing pump, and dosing line.
4. **Electrical Connections**
- Electrical wiring must comply with local regulations and standards.
- Electrical control and inverter cabinets should not be placed in the same room as the centrifuge. If a separate control room is not available, they should be isolated in a small adjacent room to prevent damage from corrosive gases.
- Power cables must be installed according to specified sizes, with proper grounding and zero-connection protection.
- Signal lines should be shielded and routed alongside power lines.
- All wire ends must be labeled for ease of inspection and repair.
- Cables connected to the centrifuge must not be stretched too tightly, as vibration can cause ±5 mm movement in all directions.
- Safety measures include: main motor overload protection, screw delivery load monitoring, emergency stop, vibration alarms, oil temperature alerts, and speed monitoring.
- Additional alarms should be set for stopping the main motor, feed pump, reverse push motor, and shaftless screw conveyor.
- Do not restart the centrifuge until the cause of an alarm has been identified and resolved.
- Do not start the feed pump until the centrifuge reaches full speed.
- The centrifuge should have an automatic reverse drive system with two types of switches: one to stop the feed pump and another to shut down all equipment.
Keywords: decanter centrifuge
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