According to recent reports from the Physicist Organization Network, Swiss scientists have developed a groundbreaking two-step method to create a solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) with a remarkable 15% energy conversion efficiency—comparable to that of traditional amorphous silicon cells. This achievement is seen as a major leap forward in renewable energy technology. Researchers believe this innovation could usher in a new era for DSSC development, with future versions expected to match or even surpass the performance of today’s best thin-film photovoltaic cells. The findings were published in the latest edition of *Nature*.
Compared to conventional solar cells, DSSCs offer several advantages. They are easier to manufacture, more cost-effective, and environmentally friendly. Additionally, they perform well under low-light conditions, such as cloudy days or indoors. However, their efficiency has historically lagged behind that of silicon-based cells, mainly due to voltage losses during the dye regeneration process.
Now, a team from the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) has made significant progress. Their new design uses perovskite materials (CaTiO₃) as the light-harvesting component and replaces the traditional electrolyte with an organic hole-transport material. During production, the perovskite is directly deposited onto a metal oxide film. But this approach often leads to instability, reducing both the efficiency and practicality of the device.
To address this challenge, the researchers introduced a novel two-step fabrication technique. First, they placed a portion of the perovskite into the cavities of the metal oxide support. Then, they exposed it to a solution containing the remaining perovskite. Upon contact, a rapid reaction occurred, resulting in a highly sensitive and well-controlled pigment layer.
This method boosted the DSSC’s efficiency to 15%, surpassing that of standard amorphous silicon cells. Scientists are optimistic that this advancement will lead to more efficient and stable DSSCs in the future. With further development, these cells could become a viable alternative to current high-performance thin-film solar technologies. (Liu Xia)
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