First, temperature management is essential for grape cultivation.
Grape sprouts begin to emerge when the temperature rises and reaches a minimum of 10 °C. The effective accumulated temperature required for germination is between 450 °C and 500 °C. In unheated solar greenhouses, the warming process typically starts in mid-January, and after about 30 days, the grapes will begin to sprout. It's important to avoid covering the greenhouse with curtains, as this can affect the natural temperature rise and germination cycle.
During the warming and germination phase, it's crucial not to rush the temperature increase. If the temperature rises too quickly or becomes too high, it may cause premature sprouting, while the ground temperature has not yet risen enough to support root activity. This imbalance can lead to uneven growth, poor bud development, and irregular fruit formation. To prevent this, the first week should maintain daytime temperatures between 15 °C and 20 °C, with nighttime temperatures around 6 °C to 10 °C. In the second week, the daytime temperature can be raised to 15 °C to 20 °C, and nighttime temperatures should be increased to 10 °C to 15 °C. By the third week, the temperature should gradually be increased to 20 °C to 25 °C, with nighttime temperatures maintained at 13 °C to 15 °C until full germination occurs.
Second, managing humidity is equally important during the germination period. This is the time when grape plants require the most water. Insufficient watering can result in delayed germination, reduced germination rates, or uneven sprouting. After the germination begins, it’s recommended to water thoroughly several times, with each irrigation providing approximately 30 mm of water, repeated two to three times. During this period, the vents of the greenhouse should be closed to maintain an air humidity level above 90 %. As the temperature increases during the day, the humidity may drop. At such times, using a sprayer to mist the grape branches can help create a more favorable humid environment, which supports faster and more uniform germination.
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