Watermelon high yield Shi Sanfei

In order to meet the specific nutrient requirements of watermelons at different growth stages, proper topdressing not only ensures that all necessary nutrients are available during the growing period but also enhances fruit quality and yield, while improving fertilizer efficiency. After applying the base fertilizer, it is typically recommended to apply three additional doses of fertilizer throughout the season. First, light application during the seedling stage: After planting and once the seedlings have slowed their growth, or when they reach the 4th to 5th leaf stage, it is advisable to dig an arc-shaped ditch about 10 to 15 cm away from the roots. Apply approximately 5 kg of urea per acre, preferably as a 0.5% solution, and cover the soil after infiltration. For weaker seedlings, a small amount of "eccentric" fertilizer can be added. However, care must be taken not to over-fertilize or place the fertilizer too close to the roots, as this could damage the roots and lead to plant death. Second, strategic application during vine growth: Once the vines begin to stretch rapidly, their nutrient demands increase significantly. At this stage, it is best to use high-quality organic fertilizers such as cake manure or animal manure. Apply around 50 to 100 grams of cake fertilizer per plant, or 15 kg of compound fertilizer per acre. When the vines reach about 30 cm in length, dig a shallow trench of about 10 cm on the side of the vine, cover with soil, and water the area. For watermelons grown in highly fertile soil with sufficient base fertilizer and strong seedlings, reduce or skip this application, as excessive fertilizer can promote excessive vegetative growth and hinder fruit set. This stage of fertilization supports stem and leaf development and meets the nutritional needs of the plants, promoting overall health and extending the fruiting period. Third, heavy application during fruit expansion: After the watermelon begins to set, it enters the fruit expansion phase, which is the most demanding period for nutrients. During this time, topdressing promotes rapid fruit growth. It is generally applied twice, with phosphorus and potassium as the main components, supplemented by nitrogen. The first application should be done when the fruit reaches the size of an egg, using about 20 to 25 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 5 to 6 kg of urea, or 15 to 20 kg of diammonium phosphate and 15 kg of potassium sulfate. The second application is made when the fruit is larger, using 5 to 7.5 kg of diammonium phosphate and 2 to 3 kg of potassium sulfate. Fertilization should be done immediately after watering or spraying to avoid damaging the stems and leaves. In addition, foliar feeding can be used as a supplement based on the plant's needs. A 1 to 1.5% superphosphate leaching solution can be sprayed, or a mixture of 0.5% urea and other fungicides like dimethoate or methyl thiophanate can be applied for excellent results.

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